If you have a chronic illness, then you have cytokine cascades behind many of your symptoms. Cytokine cascades & chronic illness are closely intertwined, and learning how to manage these cascades of inflammation can help to reduce many symptoms.
There’s currently a lot of talk in the media about cytokine storms. The novel pathogen that we’re dealing with is said to cause a cytokine storm in those who develop a serious illness and understandably many are worried. However, I believe my job is to stay firmly in my own lane, and I’m neither a doctor nor a virologist. What I am, however, is someone who’s largely recovered from Lyme Disease and has amassed a great deal of knowledge in the process. So what we’re going to take a look at in this post is how to treat a cytokine storm in chronic Illness.
What’s the difference between a cytokine storm & a cytokine cascade?
Essentially, nothing. Storm is often used to denote a cytokine cascade that has become so out of control that the individual is at real risk.
The disease mechanics of Lyme & other chronic illnesses means that a cytokine cascade will rarely, if ever, become so serious as to cause a fatality. This is why we should all be extremely careful with this novel pathogen. This acute illness is far more aggressive than the onset of Lyme, and sadly it is causing many deaths.
There is another difference between the cytokine cascades found in this novel coronavirus and Lyme. The coronavirus specifically attacks the cells in the lungs. Lyme bacteria has a special preference for collagenous tissues. However, the three herbs in this article are broad spectrum and I personally chose to take them whilst suffering with suspected covid-19. Please be aware that this post is not a substitute for medical advice. Please also ensure that if you have symptoms of covid-19 that you are isolating and following the relevant guidance.
In early March I developed a dry cough and a temperature. I documented my symptoms on a daily basis so that others in the chronic illness community could see how someone with immune problems coped. Head on over to @sarahbeatslyme to see my daily updates.
Cytokines: What Are They?
Simply put, cytokines are substances which are secreted by certain cells of the immune system that have an effect on other cells. Their main purpose is to act as a sort of signaller, which tells other cells what to do. They are an incredibly important part of the immune system and when they are all balanced they work perfectly to support your body and your immune response. The problem arises when they become unbalanced. What results is something known as a cytokine cascade, or a cytokine storm. This is essentially where inflammation starts to run amok, having a widespread effect on the entire body.
Cytokine Cascades & Chronic Illness: Lyme
Did you know that a herx reaction is a perfect example of a cytokine storm? It’s a chain reaction of inflammation that is triggered by the endotoxins released when a great number of spirochetes die. Only when your body has detoxed all of this substance do the cytokines reduce, relieving the herx.
However, cytokines are not only affected during a herx reaction. The spirochetes that cause Lyme interfere with our own cytokine producing cells as well as secreting their own cytokines on an ongoing basis. This is part of the initial disease dynamic. The result is that our own inflammatory response is ‘hijacked’ and the spirochetes stimulate the release of various cytokines, which can be at least ten times higher than in healthy individuals. This causes the ongoing inflammation behind virtually all Lyme symptoms. It is also responsible for triggering off secondary autoimmune disorders. Our immune system simply becomes overwhelmed and out of control.
How to Manage Cytokine Cascades
Managing inflammation always needs to be a multi-pronged approach. There is no pill or potion that will eliminate inflammation. This is where reliance on modern medicine can dupe us into taking an ever increasing number of pills – we’re taught that medicine should be quick, easy and deliver fast results. The truth is that most pills only suppress symptoms. Holistic medicine seeks to correct the imbalance leading to the symptoms.
Insomnia as an example
Let’s use insomnia as an example. Modern medicine would prescribe pharmaceutical sleep aids which force you to sleep. However, they’re often addictive and as soon as you stop taking them, the insomnia returns. They can also have some pretty serious side effects.
Holistic treatment would use herbs which act as mild sedatives and nervous system tonics, but you would also be encouraged adjust your diet, improve your sleep hygiene and address any emotional or psychological issues preventing you from getting good sleep.
Herbs to Treat Cytokine Storms
When you’re looking to treat inflammation, it helps to understand a little more about the process behind cytokine cascades & chronic illness. Cytokines each have specific names and well understood actions. There is also a strong body of clinical evidence showing that various herbs affect these cytokines and the ‘triggers’ we are trying to manage.
Furthermore, we know two things: 1) Lyme spirochetes create cytokines themselves and 2) they stimulate our own cytokine responses.
This begins as soon as the bacteria has passed the early disseminated phase and has attached to the endothelial cells in our blood vessels. The spirochetes begin breaking down our collagenous tissues and releasing cytokines and waste products which stimulate our own inflammatory response.
This causes the cascade where the first cytokine stimulates the second, and the second stimulates the third, and so on. In order to try to mitigate this and treat a cytokine storm we attempt to interrupt the very beginning of the process.
One of the very first substances released is something called NF-kB. This is extremely inflammatory and when our own bodies utilise it, it always comes packaged up with substances known as IkB. IkB inhibits and modulates the extremely inflammatory action of NF-kB, meaning it can’t get out of hand.
Think of NF-kB as a big, aggressive dog who’s not well trained. IkB is the responsible owner who knows how to keep the dog under control. The owner uses a muzzle, leash and keeps the dog away from others. What Lyme Disease does is remove the responsible owner, leaving that dog to run wild.
In the case of Lyme Disease cytokine cascades, the NF-kB (the big dog) then go on to wreak havok in our bodies, setting off a chain reaction of inflammation. This is especially potent during a herx reaction, but happens to a lesser degree on an ongoing basis.
One of the first things we want to do is to inhibit NF-kB (the big dog) whilst our Ikb (the owner) isn’t performing very well. This can mitigate and reduce the rest of the chain. The good news is that there are three herbs especially good at helping to get that big dog under control.
These are not the only three herbs useful when you wish to treat a cytokine storm. However, these three seem to be tolerated well by most. Importantly, these herbs do not have an antimicrobial effect, meaning that they will not induce a herx. This is important when you’re trying to reduce or manage a herx.
A note on other chronic illnesses: cytokine cascades are involved in many other chronic illnesses, especially autoimmune disorders. These herbs can help there, too!

Cytokine Soother
Equipment
- 100ml Dropper Bottle (ideally amber/blue glass)
- Funnel
Ingredients
- 30 ml kudzu (pueraria lobata) 1:3 strength
- 30 ml red sage (salvia miltiorrhiza) 1:3 strength
- 30 ml chinese skullcap (scutellaria baicalensis) 1:3 strength
Instructions
- Pour all three tinctures into the dropper bottle. Give it a gentle shake.
- Take between 2ml-5ml per day, depending on the severity of your symptoms. When dealing with an additional illness, such as cold & flu, take the maximum dose until the infection has been cleared.
Final Thoughts
It’s important to remember that during a Lyme infection the spirochetes will utilise many means to generate the desired cytokine cascade. During late, active infection it would be difficult to reduce cytokine levels to that of a healthy person. However, this herbal blend has been absolutely key to how I’ve managed my symptoms and kept on top of herxing.
It’s simple, it’s cheap and it’s easy. You don’t need a practitioner to administer it and you don’t need to pay extortionate fees. It’s worth a go!
Have you tried these herbs before? And if not, how do you manage inflammation? Let me know in the comments below!
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